CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
A.
BACKGROUND
One of the most important duties of a nurse is a member of a drug that safely and accurately to clients. Drugs are a major therapeutic tool to treat clients who have problems. Drugs work to produce beneficial therapeutic effect. Although drug benefit clients in many ways, some drugs can cause serious side effects or potentially harmful effects if we give the drug does not correspond to the actual recommendation.
A nurse also has the responsibility to understand the working of the drug and the side effects caused by drugs that have been given, provide the proper medication, monitor the client's response, and help the client to use them properly and based on knowledge.
Therefore, in this paper will discuss one of these drug administration, namely the administration of drugs PARENTERAL, giving the drug to patients by injecting into the body through the insulin pen
One of the most important duties of a nurse is a member of a drug that safely and accurately to clients. Drugs are a major therapeutic tool to treat clients who have problems. Drugs work to produce beneficial therapeutic effect. Although drug benefit clients in many ways, some drugs can cause serious side effects or potentially harmful effects if we give the drug does not correspond to the actual recommendation.
A nurse also has the responsibility to understand the working of the drug and the side effects caused by drugs that have been given, provide the proper medication, monitor the client's response, and help the client to use them properly and based on knowledge.
Therefore, in this paper will discuss one of these drug administration, namely the administration of drugs PARENTERAL, giving the drug to patients by injecting into the body through the insulin pen
B.
GOALS
-to
know what insulin
pen
-can explain how to use the insulin pen
-to know the indications and contraindications of the use of insulin pen
-can explain how to use the insulin pen
-to know the indications and contraindications of the use of insulin pen
CHAPTER
II
CONTAINS
A. DEFINITIONS
Injecting insulin pen is the administration of insulin therapy to clients or patients with insulin deficiency in the body. But insulin generally given by injection under the skin (subcutan). Insulin is the latest therapy for patients with diabetes (diabetes mellitus). This new therapy is performed when the pancreas can no longer produce insulin.
Insulin is a hormone secreted pancreas to control blood sugar (also called glucose) in the body. People with diabetes may not have enough insulin or the insulin is not working normally. The goal in treating diabetes is to keep blood sugar levels within a normal range
CONTAINS
A. DEFINITIONS
Injecting insulin pen is the administration of insulin therapy to clients or patients with insulin deficiency in the body. But insulin generally given by injection under the skin (subcutan). Insulin is the latest therapy for patients with diabetes (diabetes mellitus). This new therapy is performed when the pancreas can no longer produce insulin.
Insulin is a hormone secreted pancreas to control blood sugar (also called glucose) in the body. People with diabetes may not have enough insulin or the insulin is not working normally. The goal in treating diabetes is to keep blood sugar levels within a normal range
B. GIVE OF INSULIN DOSE
The dose of insulin depending on blood sugar levels, namely:
• Blood sugar <60 mg% = 0 units
• Blood sugar <200 mg% = 5-8 units
• Blood sugar 200-250 mg% = 10-12 units
• Blood sugar 250-300 mg% = 15-16 units
• Blood sugar 300-350 mg% = 20 units
• Blood sugar> 350 mg% = 20-24 units
C. PREPARATION EQUIPMENT AND MATERIALS
1. Note the administration of drugs
2. Drugs in place/ insulin pen needle
3. insulin syringes/ insulin pen
4. Cotton alcohol in its place
5. Place injection
6. Crooked
7. Sterile Gloves
D. PREPARATION OF PATIENTS
- Provide an explanation of the actions that will be given in the form of the reasons and the type of action
- Adjust the position of the patient as comfortable as possible
E. INDICATIONS
- All people with Type I diabetes require exogenous insulin because insulin production by the beta cells no or hardly any.
- People with type II diabetes may require insulin when certain other types of therapy can not control blood glucose levels
- Holds the DM who received parenteral nutrition or who require a high-calorie supplements to meet the growing energy needs, it will hope oxygen require insulin to maintain normal blood glucose levels over a period of insulin resistance or when there is an increased need for insulin.
- The state of severe stress, such as severe infections, surgery, heart attack, stroke.
- Diabetes that arise in times of pregnancy, when the settings just can not control blood glucose levels.
- The state of diabetic ketoacidosis (a metabolic disorder due to ketones are produced excessively and threatens life characterized by hyperglycemia, metabolic acidosis, dehydration, and changes in level of consciousness).
F. CONTRA INDICATIONS
- Allergic to oral hypoglycemic drugs
E. PROCEDURE
a. Explain the procedure to be performed
b. Wash hands and wear sterile gloves
c. Attach sampiran when needed
d. Collect the equipment and check the order of medications on the route, and time of administration
e. Prepare medications (drugs) ampoules or vials
f. Select a proper injection. Palpation of the place to edema, mass, or tenderness. Avoid areas that are scarring, bruising, abrasions or infection
g. In the case of repeated insulin injection every day, do not use the same injection site. Rotate the injection site to prevent the formation of scar tissue subcutaneous
h. Ask the client to relax the arms or legs, the place where the injection will be given
i. Clean the injection site with an alcohol swab
F. HOW TO USE AN INSULIN PEN
Step 1: Prepare the insulin pen, remove the cover insulin pen
Step 2: Remove the wrapping paper and close the needle
Step 3: The first insulin pen, pen ready to use
A. First remove the air in the pen with the needle. This is to set the accuracy of the pen and the needle in regulating insulin dose. Turn the dose selector button on the pen tip to 1 or 2 units (dosing by turning Tobol).
B. Hold the pen with the needle pointing up. Press the button with the right dose of insulin secretion while observing. Repeat, if necessary, until the insulin looks at the tip of the needle. Key players should return to zero after insulin pen looks inside.
A. First remove the air in the pen with the needle. This is to set the accuracy of the pen and the needle in regulating insulin dose. Turn the dose selector button on the pen tip to 1 or 2 units (dosing by turning Tobol).
B. Hold the pen with the needle pointing up. Press the button with the right dose of insulin secretion while observing. Repeat, if necessary, until the insulin looks at the tip of the needle. Key players should return to zero after insulin pen looks inside.
Step 5: Choose the location of the body part to be
injected.
Ensure a comfortable position when injecting insulin pen. Avoid injecting around the navel.
Step 6: Inject Insulin
A. Hold the pen with the four fingers, the thumb on the button place dose.
B. Pinch the skin that will be injected.
C. Immediately inject the needle at an angle of 90 degrees. Remove the pinch.
D. Use your thumb to press down on the button until it stops dose (dose valve will return to zero). Let the needle in place for 5-10 seconds to help prevent insulin from the exit of the injection site.
Pull the needle from the skin. Sometimes visible bruises or blood droplets, but it is not dangerous. Can be in with a tissue or cotton swab, but do not be in the massage on the area of the injection site.
Step 7: Prepare the insulin pen for future use
Remove the outer needle cap and turn it to release the needle from the pen. Place a needle that has been used in a safe container (empty cans). Dispose of all trash should not be discarded in place recycle trash.
Parts of the body that can be injected insulin
CHAPTER
III
CONCLUSION
A. CONCLUSION
The use of drugs can not be done haphazardly. There should be a series of checks before deciding to give the drug to the patient. There must also be checked repeatedly before giving the drug to the patient so as to minimize the worst that will happen if careless in drug delivery. Compliance in drug delivery occurs when the rules of use and administration of drugs prescribed in hospital followed correctly. So it is very wise if the nurse will check the medication to be given to cure the patient
REFERENCES
- Kee, Joyce L. Pharmacology. Nursing Process Approach. Jakarta. EGC: 1996.
- A. Aziz Alimul Hidayat. Pocket Book Praktikukm Basic Human Needs. Jakarta. EGC: 2004.
CONCLUSION
A. CONCLUSION
The use of drugs can not be done haphazardly. There should be a series of checks before deciding to give the drug to the patient. There must also be checked repeatedly before giving the drug to the patient so as to minimize the worst that will happen if careless in drug delivery. Compliance in drug delivery occurs when the rules of use and administration of drugs prescribed in hospital followed correctly. So it is very wise if the nurse will check the medication to be given to cure the patient
REFERENCES
- Kee, Joyce L. Pharmacology. Nursing Process Approach. Jakarta. EGC: 1996.
- A. Aziz Alimul Hidayat. Pocket Book Praktikukm Basic Human Needs. Jakarta. EGC: 2004.
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